chemical synthesis , Hplc, nmr spectroscopy, ESR, organic photovoltaics, elemental analysis, Ir, design of near-infrared absorbing molecules, purification of small molecules, TGA, optical spectroscopy analysis, organic photodetectors, Dsc, molecular designs of stable open-shell organic radicals, superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry, photothermal conversion devices, single-crystal XRD, mass spectrometry, Xps